The human body is deeply connected within its internal systems.

Many health conditions that may seem unrelated, might influence one another. So, when we look at an endocrine disorder like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), its association with thyroid dysfunction, mainly hypothyroidism, and insulin resistance needs to be understood as well.

Unmasking PCOS

PCOS occurs when the ovaries produce excess androgens or male hormones, leading to an imbalance in reproductive hormones. Its impact on menstrual, reproductive, and general physical health may be known to those managing the condition.

In many cases, however, PCOS is asymptomatic, showing no symptoms, and could go undetected. The WHO reports that globally, up to 70% of affected women remain undiagnosed.

While research on this condition continues to evolve, how does PCOS impact other body functions?

The Hidden Link: Inflammation

Inflammation is the immune system’s natural response to illness or injury; a defense mechanism that allows the body to heal. But long-term inflammation can interfere with metabolic functions like insulin sensitivity and thyroid.

PCOS, thyroid issues, and insulin resistance are interconnected through chronic inflammation, where each condition can potentially aggravate the symptoms caused by the other.

Some studies suggest a link between PCOS and autoimmune thyroid conditions like Hashimoto’s Thyroid in which the thyroid gland becomes underactive (hypothyroidism), or Graves’ Disease that makes the thyroid overactive (hyperthyroidism). Hypothyroidism could aggravate the symptoms of PCOS, slowing down the body’s metabolism and increasing the risk of insulin resistance, where the body doesn’t respond properly to insulin (the hormone that controls blood glucose levels). PCOS, therefore, is often linked to Type 2 diabetes.

Since these three conditions are interlinked, addressing one could help to control the other imbalances. 

Small Steps That Go a Long Way

Regular Health Checks

A helpful check to keep a watch on your hormone health and understand your risks is to get tested regularly. Differences in health trends can be diagnosed early on. Health technology like Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) devices help closely monitor glucose readings and keep diabetes in check.

Stay Active

It’s easier to begin making smaller changes to daily routines, like going to bed on time, or making exercise a daily habit. A good balance of physical activity and adequate sleep helps to regulate stress hormones.

Prioritize Nutrition

Gut health plays a huge role in reducing inflammation; nutrition, thus, remains one of the most important considerations in managing chronic health conditions.

Healthcare experts suggest an anti-inflammatory diet. Nuts, seeds and fatty fish for their high Omega-3 fatty acids and Vitamin E, citrus fruits and bell peppers containing Vitamin C, and fermented foods like yogurt and cottage cheese that have gut-friendly microbes. Similarly, dark chocolate and diverse colored fruits and vegetables have polyphenols — a micronutrient that counters inflammation. Avoiding foods that are known to cause inflammation, such as processed or red meat, deep-fried food, refined white flour and sugar-sweetened beverages, can also help to keep hormone levels steady. Healthcare professionals may recommend science-backed supplements to support your immunity and bridge any possible nutritional gaps.

Care for When It’s Needed the Most

Globally, 6-13% of women of reproductive age, are affected by PCOS. In India, the prevalence of PCOS ranges from 3.7% to 22.5% (depending on variables like the population studied and diagnostic criteria). Further, women are three times more likely to have hypothyroidism than men.

Understanding reproductive and metabolic issues is a good first step towards extending care so health is no longer a barrier, but a strength that gives women the power to live a wholesome, fulfilling life.

Disclaimer: The information mentioned in this document is only suggestive /for patient education and shall not be considered as a substitute for doctor’s advice or recommendations from Abbott. Please consult your doctor for more information.